alissond wrote:1: I'm seeing filters sold as a set; +1, +2, +4, +10; and others are sold only as a single filter. Would I be better off buying a single filter? Or if I buy a set, would stacking them up affect image quality?
These things are no filters but close-up lenses. Yes---purchasing a set usually does make sense because a single close-up lens will provide a rather narrow working range. And then, generally you'll need weaker close-up lenses, like +1 .. +2 dpt (diopters) for telephoto lenses and stronger ones, like +2 .. +4 dpt, for standard and wide-angle lenses. The shorter the master lens, the stronger the close-up lens must be.
Stacking does affect image quality indeed, and not for the better. With high-quality close-up lenses however, performance loss will be neglectible when stacking two. Stacking three or more should be avoided. Always attach the weaker close-up lens directly to the master lens, then the stronger close-up lens on top of that.
alissond wrote:2: Some items for sale has a "Green L" on the description. Can someone explain that please?
No.
alissond wrote:3: Any suggestions on the magnification? If I'm better off with a single filter, +4, +8, +10, which of these may give good image quality?
Close-up lenses don't have "magnification;" instead, they have strength. +0.5 dpt or +1 dpt are weak; +2 dpt or +3 dpt are medium-strength; +4, +5, or +6 dpt are strong; anything beyond that is very strong. As a general rule, weaker close-up lenses give less magnification at better image quality. Stronger close-up lenses give more magnification but also degrade image quality more. The actual magnification (and degradation of image quality) depends not only on the close-up lens' strength but also on the master lens' focal length. The longer the focal length of the master lens, the higher the magnification of the same close-up lens will be. So a +1 dpt close-up lens on a telephoto master lens may yield a higher magnification than e. g. a +3 dpt close-up lens on a wide-angle master lens.
Very strong close-up lenses, such as +10 dpt, usually give very poor image quality and should be avoided. A set of +1, +2, and +4 dpt makes good sense for most kinds of close-up work. If you find yourself needing the strength of +10 dpt on a regular basis then it's time to leave close-up lenses behind and get a real macro lens.
alissond wrote:Here are the items I'm looking at:
--A single filter +10: [...]
--A set of four +1, +2, +4, +10: [...]
Both offers are cheap low-end stuff. I wouldn't waste any money on those. On the other hand---they're cheap enough for a try-out ... but don't expect too much.
David Kilpatrick wrote:The Minolta lenses are relatively weak in power and for serious extra close-up pulling, a No 3 is the best to get.
A No. 3 doesn't exist. Originally, the Minolta Close-up Lenses was a set of two, No. 1 (+2 dpt) and No. 2 (+3.8 dpt), intended for use on standard lenses. Stacking them will yield +5.8 dpt (simply add the strengths: 2.0 dpt + 3.8 dpt = 5.8 dpt). Later, a third one was added to the family, No. 0 (+0.94 dpt), intended for use on short telephoto lenses. No. 2 or No.1 + No. 2 stacked will give very good results on master lenses of 50 mm or thereabouts of focal length. For telephoto lenses between, say, 85 mm and 135 mm, Nos. 0 and 1 are recommended. They came in screw-in sizes of 49 mm and 55 mm (the earliest Nos. 1 and 2 also in 52 mm). Minolta also used to offer achromatic close-up lenses for their range of
Autopak Super-8 movie cameras in 67 mm size in various strengths. And finally there was a very fine +0.37 dpt achromatic close-up lens in 72 mm size for use with the Zoom Rokkor 100-500 mm lens; this one is sought-after until today because it's extremely useful for medium and long telephoto lenses.
Canon offers two achromatic close-up lenses, called 500D (+2 dpt) and 250D (+4 dpt), in a fairly wide range of screw-in sizes up to 77 mm.
Nikon offers (or used to offer) two achromatic close-up lenses also, in strengths of +1.5 dpt and +2.9 dpt, in two screw-in sizes (52 mm and 62 mm).
-- Olaf