I'm probably going to be the lone voice in this thread.
First allow me to make it clear that I have no problem at all with the principal of modifying images with photo shop
provided that it's done openly .
I have no issue with Pat's second and third images - they are obviously 'fakes' and there's no question of them being used for other than their intended purpose. I have a very slight niggle with the first because it's done so well (to my eye at least) it might well be passed off as real. Even that wouldn't matter in general photography but my opinion isn't driven by generalists it's driven by the world of Natural History.
Read the following:
FIAP Definition of Natural History Photographs
Nature photography depicts living, untamed animals and uncultivated plants in a natural
habitat, geology and the wide diversity of natural phenomena, from insects to icebergs.
Photographs of animals, which are domesticated, caged or under any form of restraint,
as well as photographs of cultivated plants, are ineligible.
Minimal evidence of humans is acceptable for nature subjects, such as barn owls or storks
adapting to an environment modified by humans, or natural forces, like hurricanes or
tidal waves, reclaiming it.
Any manipulation or modification to an original PDI must be limited to minor retouching
of blemishes and must not alter the content of the original scene.
After satisfying the above requirements, every effort should be made to use the highest level
of artistic skill in all nature photographs.
That pretty well describes 'my world' and drives what I do and how I do it. There are excellent reasons for the rule (by the way there was a similar rule in darkroom days but as P'Shop has made faking so much easier the rules have had to be tightened) but I would be typing all night if I went through them.
Examples:
1. A photo of a dragonfly taken in an area of the country where that species is supposed to be absent.
2. A picture of a damselfly that has been 'extinct' in the UK for the last 50 years.
Both were accepted as valid records and proof because I subscribe to the rigid rules that bind we NH photographers. Any suspicion of trickery on my part and nothing I ever produced would be accepted at face value again.
Finally I'd like to end by repeating that I have no problem in principal with using PShop to its fullest extent - but not in NH photography. I wish that I could use the program as well as Pat obviously does.
MickH